威玛猎犬(Weimaraner)AKC标准
2008年12月17日星期三
威玛猎犬早期被用来猎狼,熊,山猪等野兽.后来担任猎鸟,追踪,运回等行动.此大型灰色犬种以多才多艺的狩猎犬而闻名.
历史:大型灰色狩猎犬,17世纪发源于德国,可是直到19世纪初,威玛猎犬独立的品种才出现.德国威玛大公国的贵族们将寻血猎犬配上各种狩猎犬品种改良成此犬.威玛猎犬敏锐的嗅觉遗传自祖先.随着历史的发展,德国境内的猎兽也减绝灭尽,威玛猎犬开始被用于猎鸟.自从贵族们的独占被打破后,威玛猎犬的繁殖仍然受到严格的管理.1930年以前,仍不准将此犬携带至德国境外.后来许多美国及英国的爱好者,终于得到了此犬品种.
[威玛猎犬的高度]
肩高标准：雄性肩高25~27英寸；雌性肩高23~25英寸。两种性别都允许1英寸内的误差，但属于小缺陷。雄性低于24英寸或高于28英寸；雌性低于22英寸或高于26英寸属于失格。
[威玛猎犬的头部]
中等长度，且显得贵族化，止部适中，有中心线向后延伸，越过前额。后枕骨突出，且呈喇叭形向后发展，从眼窝后面开始。从鼻尖到止部的距离与从止部到后枕骨的距离大致相等。上唇直，鼻孔精巧。皮肤紧凑。颈部轮廓整洁且长度适中。表情和蔼、敏锐、且聪明。耳朵：长而呈叶片状，略微折叠且位置高。如果将耳朵沿着颌部向前拉伸，距离鼻尖约2英寸。眼睛：不同深度的浅琥珀色、灰色或兰灰色，彼此间的距离足够宽，显得布局良好，且聪明。在兴奋情况之下，差不多是黑色的。牙齿：布局良好，结实而均匀；非常发达，与颌部相称，正确的剪状咬和。上颚的牙齿略微向外，相对下颚的牙齿不应该超出1/16英寸。齿系完整最为理想。鼻镜：灰色。嘴唇和牙龈：粉红色或肉色。
[威玛猎犬的身躯]
背部长度适中，呈笔直的直线，结实，从马肩隆向后略微倾斜。胸部非常发达，且深，肩胛向后倾斜。肋骨支撑良好且长。腹部稳固；腰窝适度上提。胸底延伸到肘部。
[威玛猎犬的被毛和颜色]
短、平顺、且光滑，纯色，从鼠灰色到银灰色，通常头部和耳朵的颜色比较浅。胸部有小的白色斑纹是允许的，但身躯其他部位出现白色则属于缺陷。由于伤痕而造成的白色斑块不属于缺陷。明显很长的被毛属于失格。明显的兰色或黑色被毛属于失格。
[威玛猎犬的前肢]
直而结实，从肘部到地面的距离与从肘部到马肩隆最高点的距离大致相等。
[威玛猎犬的后躯]
角度恰当的后膝关节和笔直的飞节。肌肉非常发达。
[威玛猎犬的足爪]
稳固而紧凑，有蹼，脚趾圆拱，脚垫紧凑而厚实，趾甲短，灰色或琥珀色。狼爪：需要切除。
[威玛猎犬的尾巴]
断尾。成年威玛猎犬的尾巴长度约为6英寸，显得轻盈而不是沉重。尾巴的姿势明确表现出自信而健康的气质。未断尾属于缺陷。
[威玛猎犬的步态]
步态应该是轻松而平滑的，显得协调。从后面观察，后足爪与前足爪相互平行。从侧面观察，背线保持稳固而水平。
[威玛猎犬的气质]
气质应该显得友善、勇敢、警惕、且服从。
[威玛猎犬的缺陷]
次要缺陷：尾巴太短或太长。粉红色鼻镜。
主要缺陷：象雄性一样的雌性；象雌性一样的雄性。不恰当的肌肉组织。非常不恰当的牙齿。缺齿4颗或更多。后背太长或太短。背毛有缺陷。颈部太短、太粗或有赘肉。尾巴位置低。肘部向内弯或向外翻。足爪向东或向西。做作的步态。错误的足爪。牛肢，不完美的后背，拱起或摇摆。严重的上颚突出式咬和或下颚突出式咬和。尖细的口吻。短耳朵。
严重缺陷：在胸部以外的部位出现白色。眼睛不是灰色、蓝灰色或琥珀色。黑色班驳的嘴。未曾断尾。显得非常害怕、羞怯或极度神经紧张。
[失格的威玛猎犬]
与标准所允许的肩高范围误差超过1英寸。
明显过长的被毛。明显为兰色或黑色的被毛。
标准通过日期：1971年12月14日
[以下为威玛猎犬(Weimaraner)AKC标准英文原版]
Height
Height at the withers: dogs, 25 to 27 inches; bitches, 23 to 25 inches. One inch over or under the specified height of each sex is allowable but should be penalized. Dogs measuring less than 24 inches or more than 28 inches and bitches measuring less than 22 inches or more than 26 inches shall be disqualified.
Head
Moderately long and aristocratic, with moderate stop and slight median line extending back over the forehead. Rather prominent occipital bone and trumpets well set back, beginning at the back of the eye sockets. Measurement from tip of nose to stop equals that from stop to occipital bone. The flews should be straight, delicate at the nostrils. Skin drawn tightly. Neck clean-cut and moderately long. Expression kind, keen and intelligent. Ears--Long and lobular, slightly folded and set high. The ear when drawn snugly alongside the jaw should end approximately 2 inches from the point of the nose. Eyes--In shades of light amber, gray or blue-gray, set well enough apart to indicate good disposition and intelligence. When dilated under excitement the eyes may appear almost black. Teeth--Well set, strong and even; well-developed and proportionate to jaw with correct scissors bite, the upper teeth protruding slightly over the lower teeth but not more than 1/16 of an inch. Complete dentition is greatly to be desired. Nose--Gray. Lips and Gums--Pinkish flesh shades.
Body
The back should be moderate in length, set in a straight line, strong, and should slope slightly from the withers. The chest should be well developed and deep with shoulders well laid back. Ribs well sprung and long. Abdomen firmly held; moderately tucked-up flank. The brisket should extend to the elbow.
Coat and Color
Short, smooth and sleek, solid color, in shades of mouse-gray to silver-gray, usually blending to lighter shades on the head and ears. A small white marking on the chest is permitted, but should be penalized on any other portion of the body. White spots resulting from injury should not be penalized. A distinctly long coat is a disqualification. A distinctly blue or black coat is a disqualification.
Forelegs
Straight and strong, with the measurement from the elbow to the ground approximately equaling the distance from the elbow to the top of the withers.
Hindquarters
Well-angulated stifles and straight hocks. Musculation well developed.
Feet
Firm and compact, webbed, toes well arched, pads closed and thick, nails short and gray or amber in color. Dewclaws--Should be removed.
Tail
Docked. At maturity it should measure approximately 6 inches with a tendency to be light rather than heavy and should be carried in a manner expressing confidence and sound temperament. A non-docked tail shall be penalized.
Gait
The gait should be effortless and should indicate smooth coordination. When seen from the rear, the hind feet should be parallel to the front feet. When viewed from the side, the topline should remain strong and level.
Temperament
The temperament should be friendly, fearless, alert and obedient.
Faults
Minor Faults--Tail too short or too long. Pink nose.
Major Faults--Doggy bitches. Bitchy dogs. Improper muscular condition. Badly affected teeth. More than four teeth missing. Back too long or too short. Faulty coat. Neck too short, thick or throaty. Low-set tail. Elbows in or out. Feet east and west. Poor gait. Poor feet. Cowhocks. Faulty backs, either roached or sway. Badly overshot, or undershot bite. Snipy muzzle. Short ears.
Very Serious Faults--White, other than a spot on the chest. Eyes other than gray, blue-gray or light amber. Black mottled mouth. Non-docked tail. Dogs exhibiting strong fear, shyness or extreme nervousness.
Disqualifications
Deviation in height of more than one inch from standard either way.
A distinctly long coat. A distinctly blue or black coat.
Approved December 14, 1971
发帖者剑走偏锋 时间： 20:13
标签： 犬类世界
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